浙江浙一电气有限公司

概述 Overview

矿用一般型电压保护开关柜( 简称GKYB-10(A)) 适用于非煤矿山配电房内，用来对电网中出现的各种过电压进行限制，可提高电网运行的安全性和供电的可靠性。该装置可取代过去常用电压互感器柜。

The general voltage protection switchgear for mining (GKYB-10 (A) for short) is suitable for use in non coal mine distribution rooms to limit various overvoltages in the power grid, which can improve the safety of power grid operation and the reliability of power supply. This device can replace the commonly used voltage transformer cabinets in the past.

技术数据 Technical data

额定电压( 电压)(kV):10(12)

额定频率(Hz):50

电源电压:AC/DC 220V+10%

通讯接口:RS485 或RS32

通讯协议:MODBUS

Rated voltage (maximum voltage) (kV): 10 (12)

Rated frequency (Hz): 50

Power supply voltage: AC/DC 220V+10%

Communication interface: RS485 or RS32

Communication protocol: MODBUS

适用范围 Scope of application

该电压保护开关柜适用非煤矿山10kV 电力系统，并可替代电压互感器柜、专用避雷器柜等。

This voltage protection switchgear is suitable for 10kV power systems in non coal mines and can replace voltage transformer

cabinets, dedicated lightning arrester cabinets, etc.

产品特点 Product Features

1. 电压保护开关柜是根据不同用户的系统参数进行设计生产

2、消除系统过电压保护的死区;

3、吸收大能量的系统过电压;

4、取代了PT 柜，性价比高;

5、实时监控系统状态，对出现的异常运行状态做出准确判断，并及时输出相应的开关量接点信号，用于报警;

6、工业标准的RS485 通讯接口，可以向上位机传送系统的运行状态

7、故障追忆功能，显示近20 次历史故障记录;

8、具有良好的电磁兼容性，适合在强电磁干扰的复杂环境中应用;

9、双硬件看门狗电路软件运行的可靠性

10、中文液晶显示，运行状态清晰，菜单式操作，方便易用。

1.Voltage protection switchgear is designed and produced according to the system parameters of different users

2. Eliminate the dead zone of system overvoltage protection;

3. Overvoltage in systems that absorb large amounts of energy;

4. Replaced PT cabinet, with high cost-effectiveness;

5. Real time monitoring of system status, accurate judgment of abnormal operating conditions, and timely output of corresponding switch contact signals for call the police;

6. The industrial standard RS485 communication interface can transmit the operating status of the system to the upper computer

7. Fault recall function, displaying the last 20 historical fault records;

8. Has good electromagnetic compatibility and is suitable for application in complex environments with strong electromagnetic interference;

9. Dual hardware watchdog circuit ensures the reliability of software operation

10. Chinese LCD display, clear operating status, menu style operation, convenient and easy to use.

电压保护开关柜功能 Voltage protection switchgear function

1、具有电压互感器柜的功能。

2、电压保护开关柜在正常运行时，柜内微机保护装置实时不间断的检测PT 提供的电压信号，一旦发生PT 断线、过压、欠压、低电压、谐振、

弧光接地等现象，微机保护装置利用DSP 高速、重复的数据处理能力实现傅立叶分析，通过对电压互感器PT 的二次电压进行采集、判断，

及时准确地对系统各种状态进行分析判断出系统的故障情况，并显示故障类别，输出相应的接点信号进行报警。同时利用MCU 的强大逻

辑运算能力快速实现液晶显示，远程通信和数据保护等功能。

3、我国3~35kV 系统中存在以下几种过电压: 断路器动作过程中产生的操作过电压、电容元件和非线性电感在一定条件下产生的谐振过电压、雷击时产生的大气过电压和单相接地时产生的弧光过电压等。目前尚无针对这些过电压的完整的保护方案，从而会发生电缆放炮、电动机绝缘击穿、避雷器爆炸和电压互感器烧毁等事故。此类事故发生的原因，除了与系统中安装的过电压保护装置的性能有关外，系统本身的复杂性对过电压装置的选择有着重要的影响，对于不同的系统，选择过电压保护时需考虑系统输电线路的类型，输配电线路的网络结构，负载的性质和系统的接地方式等等。针对如此复杂的系统，难以孤立的使用某种或某几种过电压保护装置来抑制各种类型的系统过电压，且这些不同厂家生产的过电压保护产品，因保护特性不能相互匹配，而无法彻底有效的抑制系统过电压。

电压保护开关柜就是针对目前中压系统过电压防治的现状而研制的，该柜可消除系统中过电压保护元件及装置的保护死区，优化系统过电压的保护特性。电压保护开关柜内采用我公司研制生产的专用元件一尖峰过电压吸收器，能够有效平缓过电压的上升前沿并削平电压尖峰，并能够耐受过电压产生的超大能量，该专用元件与本公司生产的过电压保护器及电压保护开关柜的保护特性相匹配，可以消除系统过电压保护的死区。

电压保护开关柜在正常运行时，柜内智能微机装置实时不间断的检测PT 提供的电压信号，一旦系统发生PT 断线、过电压、欠压、失压、谐振、金属接地、弧光接地等故障时。智能微机装置利用DSP 高速、重复的数据处理能力实现傅立叶分析，通过对电压互感器PT 二次过电压进行采集、判断，及时准确地对系统各种状态进行分析，判断出系统的故障情况，并显示故障类别，输出相应的开关量接点信号。

装置可以实现远程通讯和数据保护等功能。同时电压保护开关柜可以加装微机消谐、小电流接地选线、智能操控等装置，实现了一机多能，节省了现场有限的空间。

1. It has all the functions of a voltage transformer cabinet.

2. When the voltage protection switchgear is running normally, the microcomputer protection device inside the cabinet continuously detects the voltage signal provided by the PT in real time. Once PT disconnection, overvoltage, undervoltage, low voltage, resonance, arc grounding and other phenomena occur, the microcomputer protection device uses DSP's high-speed and repetitive data processing capabilities to achieve Fourier analysis.

By collecting and judging the secondary voltage of the voltage transformer PT, it analyzes and judges the various states of the system in a timely and accurate manner, displays the fault category, and outputs corresponding contact signals for alarm. Simultaneously utilizing the powerful logical computing capability of MCU to quickly achieve functions such as LCD display, remote communication, and data protection.

3. There are several types of overvoltage in China's 3-35kV system, including operating overvoltage generated during circuit breaker operation, resonant overvoltage generated by capacitive components and nonlinear inductors under certain conditions, atmospheric overvoltage generated during lightning strikes, and arc overvoltage generated during single-phase grounding. At present, there is no complete protection plan for these overvoltages, which can lead to accidents such as cable blasting, motor insulation breakdown, lightning arrester explosion, and voltage transformer burnout. The causes of such accidents are not only related to the performance of the overvoltage protection devices installed in the system, but also to the complexity of the system itself, which has a significant impact on the selection of overvoltage devices. For different systems, when choosing

overvoltage protection, the type of transmission line, the network structure of the transmission and distribution line, the nature of the load, and the grounding method of the system need to be considered. For such a complex system, it is difficult to isolate the use of one or several overvoltage protection devices to comprehensively suppress various types of system overvoltages, and these overvoltage protection products produced by different manufacturers cannot match each other due to their protection characteristics, making it impossible to completely and effectively suppress system overvoltages.

The voltage protection switchgear is developed to address the current situation of overvoltage prevention and control in medium voltage systems.

This cabinet can eliminate the protection dead zone of overvoltage protection components and devices in the system, and optimize the protection characteristics of system overvoltage. The voltage protection switchgear adopts a specialized component developed and produced by our company, a peak overvoltage absorber, which can effectively smooth out the rising edge of overvoltage and flatten the voltage peak, and can withstand the huge energy generated by overvoltage. This specialized component matches the protection characteristics of the overvoltage protector and voltage protection switchgear produced by our company, and can comprehensively eliminate the dead zone of system overvoltage protection.

When the voltage protection switchgear is operating normally, the intelligent microcomputer device inside the cabinet continuously detects the voltage signal provided by the PT in real time. In the event of PT disconnection, overvoltage, undervoltage, undervoltage, resonance, metal grounding, arc grounding and other faults in the system. The intelligent microcomputer device utilizes the high-speed and repetitive data processing capability of DSP to achieve Fourier analysis. By collecting and judging the secondary overvoltage of the voltage transformer PT, it timely and accurately analyzes various states of the system, determines the fault situation of the system, displays the fault type, and outputs corresponding switch contact signals.

The device can achieve functions such as remote communication and data protection. At the same time, the voltage protection switchgear can be equipped with microcomputer harmonic elimination, low current grounding line selection, intelligent control and other devices, realizing multi energy of one machine and saving limited space on site.

电压保护开关柜主要元器件及其作用

Main components and their functions of voltage protection switchgear

1、专用电压互感器

电压互感器采用专用抗饱和PT，可以可能地避免铁磁谐振。在运行中给被保护系统提供次电压和辅助二次电压信号。

2、专用电压保护开关柜控制器P-ZK

装置根据电压互感器提供的信号，一旦发生PT 断线、过压、欠压、低电压、谐振、弧光接地等现象，微机保护装置利用DSP 高速、重复的数据处理能力实现傅立叶分析，通过对电压互感器PT 的二次电压进行采集、判断，及时准确地对系统各种状态进行分析，判断出系统的故障情况，并显示故障类别，输出相应的开关量接点信号，用于报警。同时利用MCU 的强大逻辑运算能力快速实现液晶显示，远程通讯和数据保护等功能。

3、尖峰过电压吸收器-SPA

尖峰过电压吸收器是专门为电压保护开关柜研制的过电压保护装置，能够抑制过电压尖峰，该过电压保护装置采用特制的氧化锌阀片，能够大大降低残压值，将相对地和相与相之间的各种过电压限制在设备绝缘允许的较低的水平。2ms 的方波电流可以达到3200A。

4、高压隔离开关

用来控制电压保护开关柜的投入和退出，在电压保护开关柜需要检修或调试时，与系统隔离并形成明显的断开点。

5、一次消谐器 -XX

HYD-XX一次消谐器能够消除电压互感器产生的铁磁谐振。限制电压互感器一次绕组的激磁电流突增防止因电压互感器一次绕组电流增加，熔断器熔断后因能量不足不能灭弧引发的母线短路事故。

装置安装在PT 中性点与地之间，采用了正温度技术，利用电阻的阻尼作用，可破坏其谐振条件，使谐振消除。在正常运行状态下电阻为0，不改变PT 的零序回路，因此不会影响互感器的测量精度，也不会放大中性点不平衡电压; 在谐振发生时，电阻趋于∞，相当于互感器不接地，也就破坏了零序谐振回路。

6、瞬时开关 PTK

并联与一次消谐器上。正常工作时，合闸状态。当系统发生谐振过电压，控制器发出指令，PTK 迅速打开，投入一次消谐器。限制过电压。

1. Specialized voltage transformer

voltage transformers use dedicated anti saturation PT, which can minimize ferromagnetic resonance as much as possible. Provide secondary voltage and auxiliary secondary voltage signals to the protected system during operation.

2. Special voltage protection switchgear controller

Based on the signal provided by the voltage transformer, once PT disconnection, overvoltage, undervoltage, low voltage, resonance, arc grounding and other phenomena occur, the microcomputer protection device uses DSP's high-speed and repetitive data processing capabilities to achieve Fourier analysis. By collecting and judging the secondary voltage of the voltage transformer PT, it analyzes various system states in a timely and accurate manner, determines the fault situation of the system, displays the fault category, outputs corresponding switch contact signals for alarm. Simultaneously utilizing the powerful logical computing capability of MCU to quickly achieve functions such as LCD display, remote communication, and data protection.

3. Peak overvoltage absorber -SPA

The peak overvoltage absorber is an overvoltage protection device specially developed for voltage protection switchgear, which can suppress overvoltage spikes. The overvoltage protection device uses a specially designed zinc oxide valve plate, which can greatly reduce residual voltage values and limit various overvoltages between relative ground and phase to phase to the lower level allowed by equipment insulation. A square wave current of 2ms can reach 3200A.

4. High voltage isolation switch

Used to control the input and output of voltage protection switchgear. When the voltage protection switchgear needs maintenance or debugging, it is isolated from the system and forms a clear disconnection point.

5. One time harmonic eliminator XX

The XX primary harmonic eliminator can eliminate the ferromagnetic resonance generated by voltage transformers. Limiting the sudden increase in excitation current of the primary winding of a voltage transformer to prevent busbar short circuit accidents caused by insufficient energy to extinguish the arc after the fuse is blown due to the increase in current of the primary winding of the voltage transformer.

The device is installed between the PT neutral point and ground, using positive temperature technology and utilizing the damping effect of resistors to disrupt its resonance conditions and eliminate resonance. In normal operation, the resistance is 0 and does not change the zero sequence circuit of the PT, so it will not affect the measurement accuracy of the transformer and will not amplify the neutral point unbalanced voltage; When resonance occurs, the resistance tends to infinity, which is equivalent to the transformer not being grounded, thus destroying the zero sequence resonant circuit.

6. Instantaneous switch PTK

Parallel connection with a primary harmonic eliminator. When working normally, it is in the closed state. When the system experiences resonance overvoltage, the controller issues a command and the PTK quickly opens, activating the primary harmonic eliminator. Limit overvoltage.